The concept of Time in Indian Cosmology

            

The concept of Time in Indian Cosmology

1 Nimisha	Time taken to pronounce one matra (letter)	0.213 sec
15 Nimisha	1  Kaashta	3.2 sec
30 Kaashta	1 Kaala	96 seconds
15 Kaala	1 Naazika	0.4 hours = 24 minutes
30 Kaala (2 Nazika)	1 Muhurtha	1 .25 Muhurtham = 1hour 30 Muhurtham = 24 hours
60 Nazikai (30 Muhutam)	1 Day (day and Night) 1 Hour = 0.4 Nazikai	2.5 Nazikai = 1 hour 60 Nazikai = 24 hours
1 Kaashta	18 times blinking eye lid	18 sec
10 Kaashtas	1 Kshanam	180 sec (2 minutes)
12 Kshanam	1 Nazikai	24 minutes
60 Nazikai	One day	1440 minutes (24 hours)
1 month	Period of Sun travelling from one zodiac to another Total 12 Zodiacs so 12 months. Mesha, Rishaba, Mithuna, Kataka, Simha, Kanya Tula, Vrichika, Danu, Makara, Kumba, Meena	Julian calendar 30 days or 31 days
Thithi	Each day is called a Thithi; there are 15 Thithi in one Paksha (15 days) Prathama, Dvitheya, Tritiya, Chaturti, Panchami, Shasti, Sapthami, Ashtami, Navami, Dasami, Ekadasi, Dwadasi, Triyodasi, Chaturdasi, Amavasya or Poornima. Thithi is position of Moon with respect to Sun
Paksha	1.     Full moon (poornima) to New moon (Amavasya) Krishna Paksha =Pitru Night 2.     New moon to Full moon = Shukla Paksha = Pitru Day
2 months	1 Ritu Mesha,+ Rishaba  = Vasantha Mithuna + Kataka  = Grishma Simha + Kanya      = Varsha Tula + Vrichika      = Sharad Danu + Makara     = Hemant Kumba + Meena   = Sishira
Deva  calendar	6 months= Sun position from Tropic of Cancer to Tropic of Capricorn = Uttarayanam = 1 Deva Day 6 months= Sun position from Tropic of Capricon to Tropic of Cancer = Dakshinayanam = 1 Deva Night  Human I year  is equal to ONE Deva Day
Yuga	Kaliyuga = 1200 Deva years = 4,32,000 human years Dwapara Youga = 2400 Deva years = 8,64,000 HY Thretha Yuga  = 3600 Deva years= 12,96,000 HY Grita Yuga =  4800 Deva years= 17,28,000 HY Total of 4 yuga that is Chatur Yuga = 43,20,000 HY
Brahma,s time	1000 Chatur yuga = 1 brahma day 1000 Chatur yuga = 1 brahma night 8,64,00,00,000 =864 crores HY = one brahma day 1 brahma years = 864 *365 HY = 3,15,360 crore HY
Brahma age (known as one Para) Half Para is known as Parardham	100 brahma years = 3,15,36,000 crore HY Also known as 7 Kalpam 1.     Matsya kalpa, 2.     Koorma kalpa, 3.     Lakshmi kalpa, 4.     Sweta varaaha kalpa, 5.     Shiva kalpa, 6.     Bhrahma kalpa, 7.     Vishnu kalpa	315360 Billion H years We are in second half of the Para. We say Divithye Pararthe We are in Sweta varaaha Kalpa
Manvanthara	71+3/7 Chatur Yug	30,85,71,429 HY
1 Kalpa	14 Manvanthara They are: 1.      Swayambhuva, 2.     Sawosisha, 3.     Audhama, 4.     Thaamasa, 5.     Raivatha, 6.     Sakshusha, 7.     Vaivasvata, 8.     Savarni, 9.     Daaksha savarni, 10.  Bhramha savarni, 11.  Dharma Savarni, 12.  Rudra savarni, 13.  Rouchya    14.  Bowdhya	We are in Vaivasvata Manvanthara, In 28th Kaliyuga
1 yamam	3 hours = 7.5 Nazikai
5 Nazikai	1 Usha
2.5 Nazikai	1 Pradosh	1  hour

The reference point here is the moment of commencement of creation of the Universe by Bhrahma. When we say 'dviteeya paraardhe', which Bhrahma are we referring to? How many Bhrahmas have preceded the current one? This specification is not specified vedic mantras. Since the whole process is cyclical,with one Bhrahma commencing when another completes, and with this process repeating forever, there may not  be any significance in stating the position of Bhrahma.  This cyclical nature of time as believed in Indian Cosmology and therefore refers to time as 'Aanaadhi' - without a or end. In a cyclical concept of time every starting point will have to be an ending point. If time is postulated as being linear and unidirectional there will have to be an absolute starting point for time.

One must get up in the morning at 25 Nazikai from Sun Set (4 AM in the morning)

Varalakshmi Vratham / Nombu /Pooja

When performed:

In the monthe of Shravana  (Aadi or Aavani) month, on a Friday just before Full moon (poornima).

Materials required:

1.     Manjal powder

2.     Kumkumam

3.     Atchadai (take a teaspoon of rice grains, Unbroken ones, mix with Manjal dry (no water to be added). Just mix so that rice looks yellow

4.      Chandanam

5.     Flower garland

6.     Loose flowers

7.     Agarbathi

8.      Doop (instead of sambirani)

9.     Thiri, Nallennai (oil) for vilakku

10. Camphor (karpooram)

11. Match  box

12. Coconut for Neivedayam

13. Banana or any other fruits

14. Kalasam (take sombu fil with some rice, some thuvar dal, manjal, coins kumkumam)

15. If available mavilai

Pooja pathiram

16. Pancha pathiram

17. Udrani

18. Plates (or trays) all sizes, at least 5 for keeping all things like atchadai, manjal vinayakar etc

19. Depparadani Thattu (for karpooram)

20. Mani (bell)

21. Kuthu vilakku

22. Utkara palagai (or any aasanam, do not use pai,  paper will do)

Start of poojai

Sit facing east or north (No south please).  Goddess will be facing East so you can face north. If  Vijay or nandu is helping with poojai he can face south or west.

1.    Do Aachamanam:, , Take water from Uddarani in your right palm (only little water so as to submerge a grain of dal). Take in your mouth without touching the lips saying (in mind) Achuthayanamaha (Should not Urunju). Make no noise. Similaraly say Ananthaya namaha and Govindaya namaha. When ever do aachamanm means only this has to be done.

2.    Thalyil Kuttikolavum:

Take a few akchadai in hand and say

 Suklam baratharam....vishnum; sashi varnam; Chaturbhujam, ..Prasanna vadanam, Dyayeth, Sarva Vignopa Shanthaye

The say Ayam Muhurtha: Su muhurthosthvidhi bhavantho Mahanthonu grin nanthu

The elders (vijay or nandu if available say Ayam muhurthosth su muhurthosthu)

Then say “ Thatheva lagnam sudhinam thadeva

                  Thara palam Chandra palam thatheva

                  Vidya palam deiva palam thatheva

                   Lakshimipathe thengri yugam smarami”

3.    Pranayamam: (keep atchadi in right hand all the while)

Using right hand Close right nostril inhale from left utter all mantrams below and exhale from right closing left nostril

Om boohoo, Om buvha, Om Suvaha, Om Mahaha, Om Janaha, om thapaha,   Om satyam, Om thatsa Viturvarenyam, Burgo devasya Deemahi, Deeyohonaha Prachodayath, Om maapaha Jyithiraso, Amrtham Brahma boorbuvas suvarohm.

 

4.    Sankalpam: keep left hand palm upwards on right thigh; put the atchadai (that is in ur hand) close left palm with right pal and say the following:

Mamo patha Samastha duritha shyadvara Shree parameshwara preethyartham,

Karishyamanasya  karmanaha nirvignena parisa mapthyartham  adhou vineswara poojam karishye

Put away the akshadai on northern side; take udarni water to wash both hands saying abupas sparshye.

Making Manjal Pillayar:

Take two teaspoon of Manjal powder in a plate.  Add water little so it becomes a paste and make ball.  Then make it into a cone and keep in the plate.  We will do avahanam of vinayakar in this.

Kanta poojai:

Pray all devathas are in the Mani

Put a flower on the Mani. And maniyay adikavum

Vigneswara poojai

Take a flower and some atchadai and say

Maha ganapathaye namaha

Asmin Haridra bimbe Maha  ganapathim dhyayami, Mahaganapathim aavahayami- put flower and achadai on the bimbam

Take flowers and do archani (if flowers are not adequate use atchadai)

Om sumukhaya namaha

n  Ekadanthaya ---

n  Kapilaya

n  Gajakarnaya

n  Lambodaraya

n  Vikataya

n  Vignarajaya

n  Ganathipaya

n  Doomakethave

n  Ganathyakshaya

n  Balachandraya

n  Gajananaya

n  Vakrathundaya

n  Soorpakarnaya

n  Herambaya

n  Skanda poorvajaya

Om maha ganapatahye Namaha nanavida parimala badra pushpani samarpayami

Doopartham deepartham akshadan samarpayami (put atchadai again)

Offer one fruit as neivedyam.

Take water in hand and say

“Om boor buva suvaha (just put water around the fruit) sprinkle fruit saying thatsa vithur varenyam ; and again put water around  saying bargo devasya deemahi deeyoyona prachodayathu; Satyam dvarthena parishinjami

Take flower or atchadai and say Amruthamasthu Amrutho pastharana mahi swahaha; Om pranaya swahaha, Om Apanaya swahaha, Om Vynaya swahaha, Om udanaya swahaha, Om samanaya swahaha, Om brhmane swahaha.

Say Brahmani atma amru- thath- vaya. Maha ganapathaye (name the fruit) samarpayami.

Take water in udarani and leave in a vessel (keep one vessel for putting water on and on) saying Madye madye paniyam samarpayami.

Amrutha pithanamasi- uttara bojanam samarpayami (put water in the vessel)

Thamboolam samarpayami (put water in the vessel)

Neerajanam samarpayami (karpooram katavum

 Neerajanam nathram aachamanm samarpayami (put water in the vessel)

  

Prayer:

 Vakarathunda Mahakayo soorya koti samaprabha

Avignam Kurume deva sarvakaryeshu sarvada (do namaskaram)

Take one flower from Ganapathi and say Ganapathi prasadam sirasa grinhami)

Varalakshmi pooja

Pooja Aaarambam

Take a few akchadai in hand and say

 Suklam baratharam....vishnum; sashi varnam; Chaturbhujam, ..Prasanna vadanam, Dyayeth, Sarva Vignopa Shanthaye

      Pranayamam again: (keep atchadi in right hand all the while)

Using right hand Close right nostril inhale from left utter all mantrams below and exhale from right closing left nostril

Om boohoo, Om buvha, Om Suvaha, Om Mahaha, Om Janaha, om thapaha,   Om satyam, Om thatsa Viturvarenyam, Burgo devasya Deemahi, Deeyohonaha Prachodayath, Om maapaha Jyithiraso, Amrtham Brahma boorbuvas suvarohm

5.    Sankalpam: keep left hand palm upwards on right thigh; put the atchadai (that is in ur hand) close left palm with right pal and say the following:

Mamo patha Samastha duritha shyadvara Shree parameshwara preethyartham,

Sube, sobane, muhurthe, adhya brhamanaha, dvideeya pararthe, swetha varaha kalpe, vaivasvatha manvanthare, ashta vimsa di thame, kaliyuge, prathame padhe, Jambhutdwipe, Bharatha Varshe, Bharatha Kante,  sagapthe, asmin varthamane, vyvaharike, prabhavadhi, shashti samavatsaranam, madye, Sri Vijaya nama samvatsare, dakshinayane, Greeshma rithou, Simha  mase, sukhla pakshe, Dasamyam subha dithou, Brighu vasara yukthayam, Jhesta nakshatra yukthayam,  subha nakshatra, subha yoga, subha karana, evanguna, visheshena vishistayam, Dasmyam subha dhithou,

Asmakam saha kutumbanam, shema, dairya, veeraya, vijaya, ayul arogya, isvaryanam abhivridyartham, usidakale ayushmath suroopa, suguna, aneka suputra abivridyartham, deerga soumangalya, avaaptharyartham, aroga drida gathrada sidyartham, VARALAKSMI prasada sidyartham, yatha shakthi dhyna avahanthi shodasho upacharaihi, varalakshim poojam karishye.

Put away the akshadai on northern side; take udarni water to wash both hands saying abupas sparshye.

Vigneswara udyapanam:

Say Vigneshwaram yathasthanam prathistapayami

Just move a little (a few inches) the manjal pillayar along with plate to north side.

Kanta poojai:

Pray all devathas are in the Mani

Put a flower on the Mani. And maniyay adikavum

Lakshmi poojai:

            Nandraga alankaritha kalasthail ambal avahanam

            Take flowers, akshadai and close eyes and do dhyana of Varalakshmi 

And say the sloka below:

“Lakshmim shira samudra raja thanayam sriranga thameshwarim dasibutha samastha devavanitham lokaika deepankuram

Smanmantha kadaksha labda vibhavam brhmendra ganagadaram

 thvam thrailokya kudumbininim sarasijam vande mukunda priyam

ya saa padmasanastha vibula kadi dai padma badraya dakshi

kambeera vardanabhihi sthana paranamitha subra vastho uthareeyaa

Lakshmeer divyayr gajendrayhi mani gana kasidaihi snanabida hema kumbaihi

Nityam sa padma hastha mama vasathu gruhe sarva mangalya yuktha

Padmasanam padma karam padma mala vibhushitham

Shira varna samam vastram thadanam hari vallabam

Bhavaye bhakthi yogena kalasesmin manohare

Asmin kalase varalakshim dyayami (offer the flowers and akshadai)

Bala banu pradeekase poorna Chandra nibanane

Soothresmin soosthitha boothva prayatcha bahulan varan

Thoram sthapayami

Nonbu saradai pushpam mudithu keep near kalasam (sardu will have 9 mudichu)

Sarava mangala mangalye Vishnu vaksha sthalalaye

Aavahayami devi thvam abishta palatha bhva

Asmin kalase varalakshmim aavahayami

Prana prathistai

Kumbathil varalakshmi pranaprathisthai seivadga dhyanikavum

  

Shodasa ubacharam

Aneka ratna kachitham shira sagara sambave

Swarna simhasanam devi swi gurushva haripriye

Varalshmyay namaha aasanam samarpayami (put akshadai)

Gangathi saritha neetham ganda pushpa samnvitham

Padyam dadamite devi praseeda parameshwari

Varalshmyay namaha padyam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Ganganadi samaa needam suvarna kalasas sthitham

Griha nargyam maya thatham puthra pouthra bala prade

Varalshmyay namaha argyam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Prasan nam seedalam thoyam prasanna mukha pankaje

Grihana samanarthaya garudadvaja vallabe

 Varalshmyay namaha aachamaneeyam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Mahalakshmi mahadevi madvajya thathisamyudam

Madubarkam grihanetham madhu soodana vallabe

Varalshmyay namaha madhubarkam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Varalshmyay namaha panchamrutham samarpayami (ofer udarani water)

Varalshmyay namaha snanam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Snanantharam aachamanam samarpayami (offer udarani water)

Varalshmyay namaha vatsram samarpayami (offer akshadai)

Varalshmyay namaha abaranani samarpayami (offer akshadai)

Varalshmyay namaha gandaham samarpayami (offer chandanam)

Varalshmyay namaha akshdan samarpayami (offer akshadai)

Varalshmyay namaha pushpai poojayami (offer flowers)

Do laksmi astotharam (108 namas). Offer one flower or one akshadai for one nama)

This namavali u have?

Uttranga poojai

Varalshmyay namaha doopam samarpayami (offer doop)

Varalshmyay namaha deepam samarpayami (offer deepam –one thiri with ghee in a vilaku or ddopakal)

Bahu pakshya samayuktham nanapala samanvitham

Neivedyam grihyatham devi narayana kutumbini

Take water in hand and say

“Om boor buva suvaha (just put water around all neivedayam porulgal) sprinkle saying thatsa vithur varenyam ; and again put water around  saying bargo devasya deemahi deeyoyona prachodayathu; Satyam dvarthena parishinjami

Take flower or atchadai and say Amruthamasthu Amrutho pastharana mahi swahaha; Om pranaya swahaha, Om Apanaya swahaha, Om Vynaya swahaha, Om udanaya swahaha, Om samanaya swahaha, Om brhmane swahaha.

Say Brahmani atma amru- thath- vaya

Varalshmyay namaha: salyannam krutha kula payasam, pakshya vishesam, nalikera kandam, palani, ethath sarvam amrytham mahaneivedyam nivedayami

Take water in udarani and leave in a vessel saying Madye madye paniyam samarpayami.

Amrutha pithanamasi- uttara bojanam samarpayami (pour udrani water)

Varalshmyay namaha tamboolam samarpayami (offer akshadai and water)

Maha devyaycha vidmahe vishnu pathnyaycha dheemahi

Thanno lakshmi prachodayathu. You can say any slokam. Or sing khrrebdhi kanyakahu….

Varalshmyay namaha neerajanam samarpayami (offer karpooram)

Yopam pushpam veda puspavan prajavan pashuman bavathi

Varalshmyay namaha mantra pushpam swarna pushpam samarpayami (offer pushpam)

Varalshmyay namaha pradakshina namaskaran samarpayami

Prayer

Deergayul arogya isvaryanam puthra pouthra dehime, danayam danam pashum abhi vridyartham, chatru jayam,  ishtakamyatha sidyartham, mahalakshmi karuna nide.

You can sing song do nrithyam play musical instruments, etc

Sakala rojoppasaram samarpayami offer flower

Do pooja to 9 udichu in saradu

Kamalayay namaha prathma kranthim poojayami

Ramayay namaha dwitheeyay kranthim poojayami

Loka matre namaha thritheeyay kranthim  poojayami

Vishwa jananyay namaha chaturtha kranthim  poojayami

Mahalaksmyay namaha panchama kranthim  poojayami

Kshirabdhi danayay namaha Shasta kranthim  poojayami

Vishva shashinyay namaha Saptha kranthim  poojayami

Chandrasodaryay namaha ashtama kranthim  poojayami

Harivallabayay namaha navama kranthim  poojayami

Sarva mangala mangalye sarva papa pranasini

Thorakam prthigrunami supreetha bava sarvada

Take saradu in hand

Nava thanthu sama yuktham gandha pushpa samanvitham

Path neeyam Dakshine hasthe thorakam harivallabe

and wear saradu in right  in wrist

Take a little milk with water

And do argyam three times as below (milk mixed water to be poured via middle finger; that is palm up and down wards)

Take flower and akshadai

Keep in hand and say

Mamo patha Samastha duritha shyadvara Shree parameshwara preethyartham,

Varalakshmim preetheem kamaya naamaa varalakshmi poojanthe kshiragya pradanam

Upayana danancha karishye

Go ksheerena  yutham devi gandha pushpa samanvitham

Argyam grihana varade varalakshmi namosthuthe

Here do the argyam saying

“Varalakshmyay namaha ida margyam ida margyam ida margyam”

Aneka argya pradanena bagawathi sarvatmika varalakshmi preeyatham

Om tatsat brahma arpanamasthu (again pour water thro middle finger)

Poojai seidu vaithavarku dakshinai kodukkavum

Om tatsatu

See this site for all slokas

http://www.prapatti.com/slokas/slokasbyname.html

Puna: Poojai

The next day of Varalakshmi Poojai that is on Saturday Puna:

 (again) Poojai is done

Materilas required:

Loose flowers

Aarati

Annam and Parupu for neivedyam

Procedure:

Remove all flowers of the previous day. Kolam can remain if not disturbed. Do ashtotharam  with flowers (as much as u have). If short of flowers just tell the namas and offer your flowers by thought.

Do neivedyam and follow by Karpoora neerajanam and prdakshina namskarams. Pray for ishta kamyartha siddhi.

Do arati

By saying “Mahalakshmi Yatha sthanam pratishta payami” move the Ambal a few inches to north.

Leave the Ambal as it is till night

In the night take Ambal and keep in Arisi dabba. On Sunday you can re do the place.

Subhamastu